Aurelia S. Browder v. William A. Gayle challenged the Alabama state statutes and Montgomery, Alabama city ordinances requiring segregation on Montgomery buses. Filed by Fred Gray and Charles D. Langford on behalf of four African American women; Aurelia Browder, Claudette Colvin, Mary Louise Smith, and Susie McDonald, the case made its way to the U.S. Supreme Court, which upheld a district court ruling that the statutes were unconstitutional. Gray and Langford filed the federal district court petition that became Browder v. Gayle on February 1, 1956, two days after segregationists bombed Martin Luther King Jr.’s house. Because the case challenged the constitutionality of a state statute, it was brought before a three-judge U.S. District Court panel. On June 5, 1956, the panel ruled two-to-one that segregation on Alabama’s intrastate buses was unconstitutional, citing Brown v. Board of Education as precedent for the verdict. The case however would not be completed until it was argued in front of the Supreme Court later in the year, as state and city officials appealed the District Court's ruling. On November 13, 1956, the Supreme Court upheld the ruling of the U.S District Court and ordered the state of Alabama and city of Montgomery to integrate their buses. On December 17, 1956, the Supreme Court rejected city and state appeals to reconsider their decision, and three days later the order for integrated buses arrived in Montgomery. On December 20, 1956, King and the Montgomery Improvement Association voted to end the 381-day Montgomery bus boycott. (3)